Prédateur

Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN



Président de la république de Turquie, après avoir occupé les fonctions de Premier ministre à partir de 2003 

Prédateur depuis 2009



 Turquie, 153e/180 au Classement mondial de la liberté de la presse 2021



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Dear [Name of Candidate],


I am writing to ask you what you plan to do to defend the First Amendment, freedom of the press, and the fundamental rights of journalists to practice their profession freely in what has become an increasingly hostile environment for information and news providers.



The United States, which enshrines press freedom in the First Amendment of its Constitution, is currently witnessing a drastic decline in media freedom. On June 28, one of the most horrific attacks on press freedom in the United States occurred when five employees, including four reporters, were killed at the Capital Gazette newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland. According to the US Press Freedom Tracker, which comprehensively documents press freedom violations in the US committed by national, state, and local authorities as well as private individuals, 33 journalists were arrested, 43 were physically attacked, and 15 seizures of journalists’ equipment occurred in 2017. In one of these incidents, Rep. Greg Gianforte physically assaulted a Guardian journalist the night before his state’s election. While covering the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, journalists were impersonated on social media, impeding their ability to accurately investigate the facts and disseminate information which could be vital to preventing a similar tragedy. This hostility towards the press not only risks compromising the American public’s right to be informed through journalists’ reporting, but can also degrade the public’s trust in the media itself.



This is not a partisan issue; it is a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics. Journalism is at the crux of our democracy, and communities everywhere rely on journalists to provide them with information that is essential to their daily decision-making processes. It was local investigative journalist Curt Guyette who broke the story about Flint, Michigan’s lack of access to clean water in 2014, prompting years of class-action lawsuits, protests, and subsequent federal assistance to the city in order to try to resolve the crisis. Reporters Megan Twohey, Jodi Kantor, and Ronan Farrow publicized sexual assault allegations against influential Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein in 2017, leading to the ubiquitous and powerful #MeToo movement which brought decades of sexual abuse and harassment across multiple industries to light.



Yet freedom of the press in the US is currently in dire need of congressional support. It is our civic duty as one of the world’s leading democracies to uphold principles that support and protect the rights of journalists so that they may hold those in power accountable and ensure an informed and engaged community.



If you are elected, what do you plan to do to protect this utterly essential component of our democracy? What are your plans to protect the public’s right to be informed through a free and independent press?


Sincerely,
[Your name]
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Hello, my name is _______ and I am from [city, state].

I’m calling to let you know that [candidate/representative]'s stance on freedom of the press is extremely important in my decision to vote. I feel that this is not a partisan issue, but a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics.

I have become increasingly concerned with the growing climate of hostility for journalists in this country, and I would like for [candidate/representative] to publicly address what they will do to defend press freedom if [he/she] is elected.

Thank you.
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Freedom of the press is suffering in the US. @[yourcandidate] if you are elected to serve in Congress, what are your plans to protect journalists and our right to be informed? Will you #DefendPressFreedom?


Democracy depends on a free and independent press and its ability to hold those in power accountable. [@yourcandidate] will you take measures to protect journalism and the First Amendment? Will you #DefendPressFreedom?


In June, four reporters were murdered in an appalling targeted attack on the Capital Gazette and freedom of the press. [@yourcandidate] what will you do to address the growing threat to journalists in this country? #DefendPressFreedom


Press freedom is in steady decline in the US. I want my representative to defend the work of journalists as well as my right to be informed. [@yourcandidate] if you are elected what will you do to protect a free press? #DefendPressFreedom
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Journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. And yet in the US, attacks on journalists are becoming more common, undermining the media's role and creating opportunities for government overreach, the erosion of press freedom, and impeding our right to be informed. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join me at DefendPressFreedom.com


A free press is essential to our democracy. Communities everywhere rely on journalists to report on our government’s actions and hold public figures accountable, providing us with the information we need to make decisions every day. And yet physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists in the US are increasing at an astonishing rate. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. You should too. Read more at DefendPressFreedom.com


Press freedom is declining in the US at an alarming rate. Physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists have increased drastically in the last two years. As the US midterm elections approach, we must remind our congressional candidates that journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. I’m contacting my representatives and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join in and help me spread the word at DefendPressFreedom.com

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Stay updated on #DefendPressFreedom

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    MODE DE PRÉDATION : démocrature agressive




    Le président turc n’aime pas la presse ou plutôt, il ne l’aime que soumise, docile et vantant ses mérites. Armé d’une loi sur les renseignements, d’une législation anti-terroriste au spectre si large qu’elle permet tous les abus, mais aussi d’une loi permettant de poursuivre n’importe qui pour « insulte au président », Recep Tayyip Erdogan a toute latitude pour pourchasser toutes les voix dissonantes. Par divers moyens politiques ou économiques, il contrôle également la quasi-totalité des grands groupes de presse (notamment les télévisions). L’état d’urgence, instauré en juillet 2016 dans la foulée du coup d'État manqué, a provoqué une vague d'arrestations sans précédent parmi les journalistes et a été l’occasion de fermer plus de 100 journaux, magazines, télévisions et radios. Malgré tout, de rares tribunaux ou de hautes instances judiciaires (cour constitutionnelle, cour de cassation, Conseil d’État, etc.) parviennent à montrer des signes de résistance. Le climat dégradé contribue toutefois à encourager la violence contre les journalistes : plus d’une centaine d’entre eux ont été violemment agressés ces cinq dernières années et l’un, qui travaillait dans une radio à Bursa, a été tué par un auditeur.



    CIBLES DE PRÉDILECTION : les journalistes critiques



    Qu’ils soient de gauche, pro-kurdes, proches du mouvement Gülen, laïcs, nationalistes… tout journaliste ou média considéré comme critique est susceptible d’être poursuivi. Même si la Turquie n’est plus la plus grande prison au monde pour les journalistes, le risque d’incarcération et la crainte de devoir travailler sous contrôle judiciaire ou privé de passeport reste omniprésent. En 2020, près de 50 journalistes ont été interpellés notamment pour avoir couvert la question des réfugiés syriens à la frontière avec la Grèce ou écrit sur la pandémie de Covid-19. La censure du net sur tout sujet d’intérêt public mettant en cause des personnalités proches du pouvoir est aussi monnaie courante : en 2020, plus  de 1 300 liens menant vers des articles en ligne (sur la corruption, le clientélisme, etc.) ont été censurés par les juges de paix, à la botte d’Erdogan.


    DISCOURS OFFICIEL : déni enrobé de menaces


    « Nous n’avons jamais rien fait contre la liberté d’expression ou la liberté de la presse. Au contraire, la presse en Turquie m’a beaucoup critiqué, moi et mon gouvernement, et m’a beaucoup attaqué. Et malgré ces attaques, nous avons été très patients dans la façon dont nous avons répondu à ces attaques. » (Interview sur CNN, le 1er avril 2016.)

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